Garmin Battery Charger MC34676B User Manual

Document Number: KT34676BUG  
Rev. 1.0, 2/2009  
Freescale Semiconductor  
User’s Guide  
Using the High Input Voltage Charger for  
Single Cell Li-Ion Batteries  
(KIT34676EPEVBE)  
Contents  
1
2
Purpose  
1 Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1  
2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1  
3 Application Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2  
5 Component Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4  
6 Layout Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6  
9 Bill of Material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13  
10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13  
This User Guide helps the Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) battery  
charger designer understand the MC34676B and its  
evaluation board. It illustrates the design procedure when  
using the MC34676B to design a Li-Ion battery charger, and  
the way to get the best performance from the MC34676B.  
Scope  
The 34676 is a dual 28V input voltage and fully-integrated  
single cell Li-Ion battery charger, targeting smart handheld  
applications. One of the inputs is optimized for charging with  
a USB port, and the second is optimized for an AC/DC  
adapter power source. The charger has two 28V power  
devices, to eliminate the need of any external power source  
selection and input over-voltage protection circuitry. Each of  
the power devices independently controls the charge  
current from the input, and performs as an independent  
charger. Only one of the two chargers operate at a time.  
The AC charger current and the USB charger current are  
programmable, up to 1.2A and 400mA, with an external  
resistor respectively. The voltage across the two external  
resistors is also used to monitor the actual charge current  
through each charger respectively. The EOC current of both  
chargers is the same, and programmable by an external  
resistor. The 4.85V regulator can be used to power a  
sub-system directly.  
The 34676 has a 5% constant current accuracy for the AC  
o
Charger over -40 to 85 C, and a 1.0% constant voltage  
o
accuracy over -40 to 85 C. A charge current thermal  
foldback feature, limits the charge current when the IC  
internal temperature rises to a preset threshold.  
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2009. All rights reserved.  
 
   
Evaluation Board Specification  
4
Evaluation Board Specification  
The evaluation board is designed to work as a standalone charger, or as an embedded charger in a handheld system.  
Figure 3 shows its schematic circuit. The normal operation range of the evaluation board is:  
For AC charger:  
V
= 4.3V, V  
= 6.8V  
AC_MIN  
AC_MAX  
I
= 1200mA  
AC_MAX  
For USB charger:  
V
= 4.3V, V  
= 5.85V  
USB_MAX  
USB_MIN  
USB_MAX  
I
= 400mA  
TP1  
AC  
1
1
C1  
1. 0UF  
C2  
NC  
J 1  
TP 16  
HDR_ 1X2  
TP 15  
AC  
BA TDET  
TP3  
USB  
BAT  
C3  
C4  
J 2  
J3  
1. 0UF  
1. 0UF  
TP 18  
HDR _1X2  
HDR_ 1X2  
J4  
TP 17  
USB  
VB AT  
HDR_1X3  
J 5  
HD R_1X3  
3
C5  
1. 0UF  
TP 19  
USB OUT  
2
1
TP20  
ISET  
D2  
GR EEN  
D1  
RED  
BAT  
R1  
26. 1K  
R2  
1 3. 0K  
R3  
6. 49  
R4  
47 0 OHM  
R5  
U1  
MC34 676 B  
TP7  
/P PR  
47 0 OHM  
1
1
1
1
2
3
12  
11  
10  
2
2
AC  
BA TDET  
BAT  
TP2 1  
/P PR  
USB  
J6  
J
H
HDR_ 1X2  
PP R  
USBOUT  
I SET  
4
5
9
8
CHG  
J 8  
HDR _1X2  
USB EN  
I MIN  
GN  
D
2
1
1
2
/CHG  
TP22  
6
7
IUSB  
TP2 3  
GND  
J9  
HDR_1 X2  
TP2 4  
GND  
R6  
R
7
1 00K  
1 00K  
TP1 0  
VLo gic  
TP2 5  
GND  
1
R8  
R9  
13 .0 K  
1 3. 3K  
1
TP1 1  
/C HG  
2
1
2
1
2
TP26  
IUSB  
1
1
R11  
20 0K  
B AT  
2
J 12  
DR_1X2  
H
J10  
HDR_1 X2  
J1 1  
HDR_ 1X2  
R10  
28. 7K  
TP2 7  
USBE N  
J1 3  
HDR_1 X2  
1
TP28  
IMIN  
TP1 3  
USBE N  
Figure 3. The Schematic Circuit of the Evaluation Board  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Component Selection  
5
Component Selection  
5.1  
Input capacitors C1 and C3  
The input capacitor is used to minimize the input voltage transient that may cause instability. A ceramic capacitor of  
1.0μF or above is required for most applications. X5R and X7R dielectrics have better temperature stability. The  
evaluation board uses 1.0μF X5R ceramic capacitors. Considering the maximum input voltage rating of the MC34676B  
is 28V, the input capacitor must have 16V DC rated voltage.  
5.2  
5.3  
Output capacitors C4 and C5  
The charger output capacitor is used for stable operation. An X5R ceramic capacitor minimum of a 1.0μF is required for  
the charger output. Depending on the load transient current, a larger capacitance may be required. Because the highest  
output voltage of the MC34676B is 4.2V, a 6.3V DC rated voltage is high enough for the output capacitor.  
The regulator output capacitor is used for stable operation, too. An X5R ceramic capacitor minimum of a 1.0μF is  
required for the regulator output. A 6.3V DC rated voltage is high enough for the regulator output capacitor because the  
highest output voltage of the output regulator is 5V.  
AC CC-mode charge current setting resistors R1, R2, and R3  
The resistor between the ISET pin and GND sets the AC CC-mode charge current by the following equation:  
3950  
RISET  
-------------  
IAC  
=
Eqn. 1  
where R  
is in units of Ω, I is in units of amps. A metal film with a 1% tolerance resistor should be used for  
ISET  
AC  
temperature stability. As a result, the charge current will be accurate over the whole temperature range.  
On the evaluation board, three resistors with two pin header jumpers are used for the user to conveniently configure  
different charge current values. Table 1 shows the charge current with the different settings of pin headers J6 and J7.  
Table 1. The AC CC-mode Charge Current Settings  
J6  
J7  
Charge Current  
Open  
Short  
Open  
Short  
Open  
Open  
Short  
Short  
150mA  
450mA  
750mA  
1050mA  
5.4  
USB CC-mode charge current setting resistors R8 and R9  
The resistor between the IUSB pin and GND sets the USB CC-mode charge current by the following equation:  
1975  
--------------  
IUSB  
=
Eqn. 2  
RIUSB  
is in units of amps. A metal film with a 1% tolerance resistor should be used for  
where R  
is in units of Ω, I  
USB  
USB  
temperature stability. As a result, the charge current will be accurate over the whole temperature range.  
On the evaluation board, two resistors with two pin header jumpers are used for the user to conveniently configure  
different charge current values. Table 2 shows the charge current with the different settings of pin headers J10 and J11.  
Table 2. The USB CC-mode Charge Current Settings  
J10  
J11  
Charge Current  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Component Selection  
Table 2. The USB CC-mode Charge Current Settings  
Open  
Short  
Open  
Short  
Open  
Open  
Short  
Short  
400mA  
150mA  
150mA  
300mA  
5.5  
End-of-charge current setting resistors R10 and R11  
The end-of-charge (EOC) current for both the AC charger and the USB charger can be set by the resistors R10 and R11.  
On the evaluation board, two resistors with one pin header jumper are used for the user to conveniently configure  
different EOC current values. Table 3 shows the EOC current with the different settings of pin header J12.  
Table 3. The EOC Current Settings  
J12  
Charge Current  
Open  
Short  
10mA  
80mA  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Layout Design  
6
Layout Design  
6.1  
Layout  
The KIT34676EPEVBE PCB board has two copper layers. The component side of the KIT34676EPEVBE is provided  
to locate all components. Figure 4 is an overview of the board, followed by the layout of each layer.  
Figure 4. The Overview of the Evaluation Board  
Figure 5. The Component Side Silkscreen Layer of the Evaluation Board  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Layout Design  
Figure 6. The Component Side Layer of the Evaluation Board  
Figure 7. The Solder Side Layer of the Evaluation Board  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Layout Design  
6.2  
Layout considerations  
• Place decoupling capacitors C1, C3 and C4 as close as possible to the AC pin, USB pin and BAT pin respectively.  
• Place the charge current setting resistor as close as possible to the current setting pin to minimize the parasitic  
capacitance between the current setting pin and ground.  
• Use wide traces to connect input power source to the AC pin and USB pin, and BAT pin to the battery.  
To get better thermal performance, put the EPAD pin of the MC34676B on a large ground plane on the component  
side, and use a via array to connect the EPAD pin to the ground layer, or the large ground plane on the other layer.  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Evaluation Board Configuration  
7
Evaluation Board Configuration  
7.1  
Pin Headers  
The J1 and J3 pin headers link the external power source to the AC pin or USB pin of the MC34676B respectively. It  
allows the user to measure the current from the power source to the evaluation board when using a current meter  
between pin 1 and pin 2 of J1 or J3. The default setting of the two pin headers is to short pins 1 and 2 of J1, and open  
pins 1 and 2 of J3.  
The J2 pin header links the BAT pin and the external battery connector. It allows the user to measure the charging  
current from the MC34676B into the battery with a current meter between pin 1 and pin 2. The default setting is to short  
pins 1 and 2.  
The J4 and J5 pin headers select the voltage to supply the D1 and D2 LED indicator. Shorting pins 2 and 3 of J4 and  
pins 2 and 3 of J5 select AC to power the LEDs. Shorting pins 1 and 2 of J4 and pins 2 and 3 of J5 select USB to power  
the LEDs. Shorting pins 1 and 2 of J5 and let all pins of J4 open select BAT to power the LEDs. The default settings of  
J4 and J5 are to short pins 2 and 3 of J4 and pins 2 and 3 of J5.  
IMPORTANT: DO NOT APPLY HIGHER THAN A 12V DC INPUT VOLTAGE TO AC OR USB WHEN AC OR USB IS  
SELECTED TO POWER THE LEDS.  
The absolute maximum voltage at the PPR pin and CHG pin is 12V. When applying higher than a 12V input voltage,  
select BAT to power the LEDs.  
J6 and J7 set the AC CC-mode charge current. The current values related to J6 and J7 settings are shown in Table 1.  
J8 and J9 are used to let the user supply an I/O logic voltage to the PPR pin and the CHG pin, so the system can  
interface the PPR and CHG signals with the same voltage level. When using LEDs to indicate the charging status, leave  
J8 and J9 open. When interfacing the PPR and CHG signals to the system, short pins 1 and 2 of J8 and J9 and leave  
J5 open.  
J10 and J11 set the USB CC-mode charge current. The current values related to J10 and J11 settings are shown in  
J12 sets the end-of-charge (EOC) current. The current values related to J12 settings are shown in Table 3.  
The J13 pin header allows the user to choose the AC charger when leaving it open, the USB charger is chosen when  
shorting pins 1 and 2.  
The default settings of the evaluation board are shown in Table 4, which selects the AC charger of MC34676B.  
Table 4. The Default Settings of the Pin Headers  
Pin Header Jumpers  
J1  
Default Setting  
Shorted  
J2  
J3  
J4  
J5  
J6  
J7  
J8  
J9  
J10  
Shorted  
Open  
2-3 shorted  
2-3 shorted  
Shorted  
Shorted  
Open  
Open  
Open  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Evaluation Board Configuration  
Table 4. The Default Settings of the Pin Headers  
J11  
J12  
J13  
Open  
Shorted  
Open  
7.2  
7.3  
Connector Pads  
There are 14 connecting pads (TP1 to TP14 with corresponding names) on the evaluation board to let the user simply  
connect the board to their system. The GND pads link power ground of the MC34676B. The AC pad or USB pad connect  
an external power source to the evaluation board. The PPR, CHG, USBEN, BATDET, USBOUT, ISET, IUSB and the  
IMIN pads link to the corresponding pins of the MC34676B. The VL pad is for the user to supply a logic I/O voltage to  
the evaluation board, if that application system needs a logic voltage level to interface to the PPR and CHG pins of the  
MC34676B. The VBAT pad connects the positive pole of the Li+ battery being charged.  
Test Points  
The KIT34676EPEVBE evaluation board provides 11 signal test points and 3 ground test points for users to conveniently  
hook up multi-meters and oscilloscope probes to evaluate the MC34676B. The test points connect the pins of the  
MC34676B with the same names directly.  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Test Setup with the Evaluation Board  
8
Test Setup with the Evaluation Board  
The test setup is shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. Connect a DC power source with a larger than 2.0A current limit to  
the AC pad or a USB power port to the USB pad on the evaluation board. Connect the positive and negative polarities  
of the Li+ battery to the VBAT pad and the GND pad on the evaluation board respectively. Use a current meter and a  
voltage meter to measure the charge current and the voltage respectively. Turn on the power supply and let the V  
is less than 1.75V to enable the MC34676B, then the evaluation board starts charging the battery.  
BATDET  
A
V
A
DC  
Power  
Source  
Li+  
Battery  
Figure 8. The AC Charger Set Up for the Evaluation Board  
A
V
A
Li+  
Battery  
USB  
Power  
Port  
Figure 9. The USB Charger Set Up for the Evaluation Board  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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Bill of Material  
9
Bill of Material  
Part  
Reference  
Item Qty  
Value  
DESCRIPTION  
Footprint  
Mfr  
PN  
1
2
C1,C3  
1.0UF  
CAP CER 1.0UF 16V 10% X5R 0603 CC0603  
MURATA  
GRM188R61C105KA93  
C1608X5R1C105K  
TDK  
2
3
1
2
C2  
NC  
No Connection CC0603  
N/A  
N/A  
C4,C5  
1.0UF  
CAP CER 1.0UF 10V 10% X5R 0603 CC0603  
CAP CER 1.0UF 6.3V 10% X5R 0603  
MURATA  
TDK  
GRM188R61C105KA61  
C1608X5R0J105K  
4
5
6
1
1
D1  
D2  
RED  
LED ULTA BRIGHT RED 30MA 5V  
SMT 0603  
LED_0603_ LITE ON  
C1  
LTST-C190KRKT  
LTST-C190KGKT  
826629-2  
GREEN  
LED ULTRA-BRIGHT GREEN SMT  
0603  
LED_0603_ LITE ON  
C1  
11  
J1,J2,J3,J6, HDR_1X2  
J7,J8,J9,J10  
HDR 1X2 TH 100MIL SP 375H AU  
HDR102  
TYCO ELEC-  
TRONICS  
,J11,J12,J13  
7
2
J4,J5  
HDR_1X3  
HDR 1X3 TH 100MIL SP 374.01H AU HDR103  
TYCO ELEC-  
TRONICS  
826629-3  
8
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
R1  
26.1K  
13.0K  
6.49K  
470 OHM  
100K  
RES MF 26.1K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RES MF 13.0K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RES MF 6.49K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RES TF 470 1/10W 5% RC0603  
RES MF 100K 1/10W 5% 0603  
RES MF 13.3K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RES MF 28.7K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RES MF 200K 1/10W 1% 0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
RC0603  
KOA SPEER  
KOA SPEER  
KOA SPEER  
BOURNS  
RK73H1JTTD2612F  
RK73H1JTTD1302F  
RK73H1JTTD6491F  
CR0603JW471E  
CR0603-JW-104ELF  
RK73H1JTTD1332F  
RK73H1JTTD2872F  
RK73H1JTTD2003F  
N/A  
9
R2,R8  
R3  
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
R4,R5  
R6,R7  
R9  
BOURNS  
13.3K  
28.7K  
200K  
KOA SPEER  
KOA SPEER  
KOA SPEER  
R10  
R11  
14 TP1,TP2,TP TEST PAD  
3,TP4,TP5,T  
PCB PAD OVAL DOUBLE SIDE WITH 200x1000ov N/A  
THRU HOLE  
P6,TP7,TP8,  
TP9,TP10,T  
P11,TP12,T  
P13,TP14  
17  
18  
14 TP15,TP16, TEST  
TP17,TP18, POINT  
TP19,TP20,  
TEST POINT PIN .109 X .087 TH YEL- TEST_LOO COMPONENTS TP-105-01-00  
LOW  
P
CORPORATION  
TP21,TP22,  
TP23,TP24,  
TP25,TP26,  
TP27,TP28  
1
U1  
MC34676B  
3x3  
Freescale  
UDFN-12  
* These are pads only. No component is populated  
Freescale does not assume liability, endorse, or warrant components from external manufacturers that are referenced  
in circuit drawings or tables. While Freescale offers component recommendations in this configuration, it is the  
customer’s responsibility to validate their application.  
Using the Dual 28V Input Voltage Charger with Linear Regulator, Rev. 1.0  
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References  
10 References  
Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Freescale products and application  
solutions:  
Products  
Links  
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13  
 
 
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KT34676BUG  
Rev. 1.0  
2/2009  
 

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